Insulin is utilized by about two-thirds of the physique’s cells to absorb glucose from the blood for use as fuel, for conversion to different wanted molecules, or for storage. Lower glucose levels result in decreased insulin launch from the beta cells and in the breakdown of glycogen to glucose. This course of is principally controlled by the hormone glucagon, which acts within the reverse method to insulin. Type 1 diabetes is characterized by lack of the insulin-producing beta cells of the pancreatic islets, leading to insulin deficiency. This sort may be further classified as immune-mediated or idiopathic.
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